PMP考试题目的类型总结

PMP纸笔考试考题的格式是英文试题在前，中文翻译在后。

一、 基本概念考题
这些类型的考题考你对PMBOK 2000指南中的专用名词的定义。你能依照你对基本概念和定义的理解轻易地回答这些问题。
定义对应过程
这种类型的考题的问题部分较长，主要是描述PMBOK中的过程的定义。选择答案较短，正确的答案为与问题部分的描述相对应的过程。
1．Which of the following ensures that project objectives are met by monitoring and measuring progress and taking corrective action when necessary?
A．Planning process C．Control logs
B．Controlling process D．Executing process
1．下列哪一项通过监控和测量进度以及采取纠正措施来保证项目目标能被满足?
A．计划过程 C．控制记录
B．控制过程 D．执行过程
2．The process of developing a written scope statement as the basis for future
project decisions is called：
A．Scope development C．Project development
B．Scope planning D．Project charter
2．制定一个书面的范围说明书作为将来项目决策基础的过程称为：
A．范围制定 C．项目开发
B．范围计划编制 D．项目章程

过程对应定义
这种类型的考题的问题部分较短，选择答案部分较长。
1．Integrated change control is primarily concerned with：
A．Influencing factors that cause change，determining that change has occurred，and managing actual changes as they occur
B．Maintaining integrity of baselines，integrating product and project scope and coordinating change across knowledge areas
C．Integrating deliverables from different functional specialties on the project
D．Establishing a change control board that oversees the overall changes on the Project
1．整体变更控制主要关注于：
A．引起变更的影响因素以及当这些影响因素发生时，确定变更已经发生并
管理实际的变更
B．维持基准计划的完整性，集成产品和项目范围并在跨知识领域协调变更
C．整合来自项目上的不同职能专业的项目交付成果
D．建立一个变更控制委员会来审查整体的变更
2．Scope planning is to：
A． Develop a plan from major stakeholders
B．Develop a written scope statement as the basis for future project decisions
C. Formalize acceptance of the project scope
D．Make project milestones
2．范围规划是：
A．为主要的项目干系人开发一个计划
B．开发一个书面的范围说明书，以作为将来项目决策的基础
C．正式接受项目范围
D．制定项目里程碑

定义对应术语
这种类型的考题的问题部分较长，主要是描述PMBOK中的关键术语或概念的定义。选择答案较短，正确的答案为与问题部分的描述相对应的关键术语或概念。
1。A narrative description of products or services to be supplied under contract is called：
A．The project plan C．An exception report
B．A statement of work D．The project charter
1．在合同中提供的产品或服务的一个叙述性的说明书称为：
A．项目计划 C．一个例外报告
B．工作说明书 D．项目章程
2．The process of establishing clear and achievable objectives，measuring their achievement，and adjusting performance in accordance with the results of the measurement is called．
A．Strategic planning C．Management by objectives
B．Alternative objectives inventory D．Contingency planning
2．建立清晰的、可达成的目标，测量这些目标的完成情况，并按照测量结果调整绩效的过程称为：
A．战略规划 C． 目标管理
B．替代的目标存货 D．应急计划

术语对应定义
这种类型的考题的问题部分较短，选择答案部分较长。
1．A project is．-
A．A process of considerable scope that implements a plan
B．A group of ideas managed in a coordinated way to obtain a desired outcome
C．A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service
D．A collection of activities with a beginning and an end
1．一个项目是：
A．实施一个计划值得考虑的范围的一个过程
B．一组以协调的方式管理，以获得期望的结果的观念
C．为创建独特的产品或服务而进行的一次性努力
D．具有开始和结束的一组活动
2．Configuration management is：
A．Used to ensure that the description of the project product is correct and complete
B．The creation of the work breakdown structure
C．A mechanism to track budget and schedule variances
D．The set of procedures developed to assure that project design criteria are met
2．配置管理：
A．用来保证项目结果是正确的和完全的
B．创建工作分解结构
C．是一种追踪预算和进度偏差的机制
D．是一组制定出来确保项目设计标准能被满足的程序

这类考题考PMBOK中描述的项目管理过程所涉及的工具和技术(Tools& Techniques)。只要你能理解PMBOK中描述的项目管理过程，回答这些问题并不困难。项目管理过程图示和详细解释有助于你理解这些工具和技术。

1．The tools and techniques used in the initiation process are：
A．Product analysis C．Expert judgment
B．Project schedule development D．WBS
1．在启动过程中使用的工具和技术是：
A．产品分析 C．专家评判
B．项目进度开发 D．WBS

2．Tools and techniques for Team Development include all except：
A．Team-building activities C．Role and responsibility assignments
B．General management skills D．Rewards and recognition systems
2．团队开发包括以下所有的工具和技术，除了：
A．团队建设活动 C．角色和责任指定
B．基本管理技能 D．报酬和认可系统

这种类型的问题回答起来相对困难一些，因为所有的选择答案看起来都是合理的；但你必须基于对PMBOK的理解，在4个选择答案中选择最好的1个答案。这些考题很多都是情景问题。

1．A program can best be described as：
A．The first major subdivision of a construction project
B．A grouping of projects，similar in nature，which support a product and have no definable end point
C．A grouping of related activities which last two years or more
D．Developing a new server
1．大型项目可以最佳地描述为：
A．一个建筑项目的第一个主要部分
B．一组特性相似的项目，这些项目支持某个结果，并且没有可定义的结束点
C．一组延续两年或更长时间的相关活动
D．开发一个新型的服务器

2．The ability to get an individual or group to perform a given task is best described as：
A．Authority C．Influence
B．Power D．Leadership
2．使个人或者小组执行一个任务的能力可以最佳地描述为：
A．职权 C．影响
B．权力 D．领导

3．You are assigned a new role as Project Manager for the self-service terminal update development project；you notice in the project documents that some sponsors have been assigned authority for changes．In order to ensure success and consistency of the project，your best approach would be：
A．Prototyping C．Admit change control
B．Configuration management D．Sealing the requirements document
3．你被安排了一个新的角色，作为自助服务终端升级开发项目的项目经理。你 在项目文档中注意到一些项目发起人被赋予进行变更的职权。为了保证项目 的成功和一致性，你应该采用的最好方法是：
A．设计原型 C．承认这个变更控制
B．采用配置管理 D．将这个文档封存起来

4．The engineering department wants the project objectives to be a l0％ improvement in throughput．The information technology department wants no more than 5％ of its resources to be used on the project．The sponsor， who is also your boss，wants the project team to decrease tax liability．The BEST thing you can do is to：
A．Put a plan together that meets all the Objectives
B．Have these people get together and agree on one Objective
C．Include the engineering and information technology Objectives but hold further meetings regarding the sponsor's objectives
D．Include only your boss's requirements
4．在一个项目中，工程部门要求在传输量中对项目目标改进10％，信息技术部 门要求其被用在该项目中的资源不超过5％。项目发起人，也是你的老板，要 求项目团队减少纳税。你能做的最好事情是：
A．建立一个满足所有目标的计划
B．将所有这些人召集起来，并同意一个目标
C．采纳工程部门和信息技术部门的目标，但对于项目发起人的目标需要举行进一步的会议
D．只采纳你的老板的目标

5．During the planning phase of a project，you realize that more than one functional department possesses the skill and technical know-how to perform a given task．The best way for you to handle this would be to：
A．Make the decision，document it in the linear responsibility chart，and distribute the chart to a11 departments
B．Let the affected line groups decide among themselves who will perform the work
C．Ask the executive sponsor to make the decision
D．Allow each line group to perform part of the task
5．在一个项目的计划阶段，你认识到超过一个以上的职能部门拥有执行一个给 定任务所需的技能和技术诀窍。你处理这种情况的最好办法是：
A．做出决定，在线性责任图中指定，并将此图表分发给所有的部门
B．让被影响的部门自己决定谁将执行工作
C．要求项目发起者做出决定
D．允许每个部门执行部分任务

这种类型的问题有些简单，有些则相对困难一些，基本上都是测试你对项目管理知识领域，项目管理过程，项目管理过程的输入、输出以及工具和技术的理解。你必须基于对PMBOK的理解，在4个选择答案中排除其他3个选择，并挑出最好的1个答案。这些考题基本上都带有“除了”(except，but)、“不是”(not) 等字样。

1．Which process is not included in Project Cost Management?
A．Resource planning C．Control
B．Estimating D．Closeout
1．下列哪个过程未被包含在项目成本管理中?
A．资源计划 C．控制
B．成本估算 D．收尾

2．Which of the following is not a facilitating process?
A．Solicitation planning C．Resource planning
B．Procurement planning D．Communications planning
2．下列哪一项不是一个辅助过程?
A．询价计划 C．资源计划
B．采购计划 D．沟通计划

3：Cost control outputs include all of the following except．
A．Estimate at completion C．Revised cost estimates
B．Budget updates D．Cost baseline
3．成本控制输出包括以下所有，除了：
A．完工估算 C．修正的成本估计
B．预算更新 D．成本基线

4．The required inputs for schedule control include all except．
A．Proiect schedule C．Change requests
B．Performance reports D．Project network diagram
4．进度控制所需的输入包括以下所有，除了：
A．项目进度 C‘变更请求
B．绩效报告 D．项目网络图

5．Tools and techniques for Team Development include all except．
A．Team-building activities C．Role and responsibility assignments
B．General management skills D．Rewards and recognition systems
5．团队开发所用的工具和技术包括以下所有，除了：
A．团队建设活动 C．角色和责任指定
B．全面管理技能 D．报酬和认可系统

6．Which of the following is not a tool or technique of project plan execution?
A．PM Information system C．Change control system
B．Work-authorization system D．Organizational procedures
6．下列哪一项不是项目计划执行的工具或技术?
A．项目管理信息系统 C．变更控制系统
B．工作授权系统 D．组织的程序

7．Performance improvements include all but：
A．Improvements in amount of overtime worked
B．Improvements in individual skills
C．Improvements in team behaviors
D．Improvements in team competencies
7．绩效改进包括以下所有，除了：
A．加班工作量的改进 C．团队行为的改进
B．个人技能的改进 D．团队能力的改进

这类考题一般都不是那么容易回答，需要你根据对项目管理知识领域和过程的理解，进行相应的判断后才能回答。

1．Likely schedule durations for activity duration estimating are available from historical information that is derived from the following sources except：
A．Commercial duration databases C．Project team knowledge
B．Project files D．Outside consultants
1．对活动工期估计过程来说，有可能的进度工期可以从以下来源的历史信息中获得，除了：
A．商业化的工期数据库 C．项目团队的知识
B．项目文件 D．外部顾问

2．All of the following are characteristics of parametric estimating except：
A．Historical information C．Scalable
B． Quantifiable D． Activity lists
2．下列所有的都是参数估计的特性，除了：
A．历史信息 C．规模可变
B．可以计量 D．活动列表

3．When the project manager directs staff assignments，what is not considered in the selection of a staff?
A．Previous experience C．Availability
B．Staff age D．Personal interest
3． 当项目经理进行人员的工作安排时，在选择人员中不会考虑什么?
A．以前的经验 C．可用性
B．员工的年龄 D．个人的兴趣

4．Constraints do not include．
A．Impacts of weather
B．Organizational structure of the performing organization
C．Collective bargaining
D．Expected staff assignments
4．约束不包括：
A．天气的影响 C．劳资谈判
B．执行组织的组织结构 D．预期的人员安排

5．A contractor is working on a fixed price contract that calls for a single，lump sum payment upon satisfactory completion of the contract．About halfway through the contract，the contractor's Project Manager informs their contract administrator that financial problems are making it difficult for them to pay their employees and subcontractors．The contractor asks for a partial payment for work accomplished．Which of the following actions by the buyer is most likely to cause problems for the project?
A．Starting partial payments for work accomplished
B．Making no payments because it would violate the conditions of the contract
C．Paying for work accomplished to date
D．Negotiating a change to the payment conditions in the contract
5．一个承包商正在按一个要求在合同满意完成时全额付款的固定价格合同进行 工作。在合同执行了大约一半的时候，承包商的项目经理通知他们的合同管 理员，由于财政的问题，他们难以支付资金给他们的员工和转包商。承包商 为已完成的工作要求部分付款。对此项目，买方采用下列哪一种行动最有可能引起问题?
A．对已完成的工作部分付款
B．不付款，因为这会违犯合同的条款
C．支付现在为止已完成的工作
D．就合同中的付款条件进行协商、更改

这种类型的问题有简单的也有困难的，需要你根据对项目管理知识领域和过程的理解，在对考题的情景进行相应的判断后给予回答。有时所有的选择答案看起来都是合理的，但你必须在4个选择答案中选择最好的1个答案。2002年以后新增加的专业责任(Professional Responsibility)的考题基本都是情景分析题。

1． You were just assigned to manage a large project in a different part of your company．You are trying to understand what the project is all about，who the key stakeholders are，and how you can best manage the project．What should you do first?
A．Read all of the project plans
B．Meet with the former project manager to find out why he/she left
C．Meet with your boss to understand his view of the project
D．Meet with your new project team to get to know them and their views of the project
1．你刚被指派在你的公司的一个不同的部分中管理一个大的项目。你正试图了解项目是关于什么的，谁是主要的项目干系人，你如何才能管理好此项目。你首先应该做什么?
A．阅读所有的项目计划
B．会见以前的项目经理，以找出他／她离开的原因
C．与你的老板见面，了解他对项目的看法
D．与你的新项目团队见面，认识他们和了解他们对项目的看法

2．Your project sponsor insists on weekly project status reports，including an assessment of whether it's necessary to kill the project．You think it's Unnecessa and unproductive to address the possibility of killing the project．Which of the follow situations would merit a weekly report on project viability?
A．The organization is under severe financial distress
B．The project sponsor does not trust the project manager
B．The competition is working on a similar project
D．The CEO is nearing retirement
2．你的项目发起人坚持要每周的项目状况报告，包括一个是否有必要终止项目 的评估。你认为关注终止项目的可能性是不必要的和徒劳的。下列哪一种情况对于项目的生命力来说是值得每周报告的?
A．组织承受严重的财政压力 C．在一个相似的项目上竞争激烈
B．项目发起人不信任项目经理 D．CEO快退休了

3．A vendor has just requested a two-week extension in delivering a product for your project，but he/she insists it will not affect the overall schedule．How could this statement be true?
A．The product might not be an important one for the project
B．Delivery of the product is on the critical path
C．Delivery of the product is not on the critical path
D．The vendor will provide a cost discount for late delivery
3．一个供应商在为你的项目交付一个产品方面请求一个两周的延期，但是他／她 —坚持说这不会影响整个进度。什么情况下这个说法是真实的?
A．此产品对项目可能不重要
B．此产品的交付在关键路径上
C．此产品的交付不在关键路径上
D．卖主将会为迟交货提供一个成本折扣

4．You are working with a vendor to determine the best software package your organization should buy．Several of your project team members strongly disagree with the vendor's recommendations，mainly because the vendor only recommends their own products．How should you proceed?
A．Have an impartial party review and analyze potential software packages from several vendors
B．Discuss the problem with the vendor and ask for his suggestions
C．Try to get a special deal for selecting the vendor's software
D．Elevate the problem to senior management
4．你正在与一个供应商一起工作以决定你的组织应该购买的最好的软件包。你 的项目组的一些成员强烈反对供应商的推荐，主要是因为供应商只推荐他们自己的产品。你应该如何做?
A．召开一个公正的评审会，分析来自数个供应商的软件包
B．与此供应商讨论问题并征求他的建议
C．试图为选择此供应商的软件得到一个特别的交易
D．将此问题提交高层管理者

5．You have been asked to lead a project that was initiated over a year ago．
The project scope，time，and cost estimates have been revised many times，
and the team seems confused．Users bring new requests to the developers
on a daily basis．What should you do?
A．Do not accept any more changes to the project
B．Require that all changes go through a detailed change control process an only implement changes approved by a change control board
C．Hold a project review meeting to clarify the current goals of the project and change control procedures
D．Require stakeholders to pay a fee for every proposed change
5．你被要求领导一个一年以前启动的项目。项目范围、时间和成本估计已经被 修改过许多次，而且项目团队好像有点混乱。用户每日向开发者提出新的要求。你应该做什么?
A．不接受对项目的任何更多变更
B．要求所有的变更通过详细的变更控制过程，并只实施由变更控制委员会批 准的变更
C．举行一个项目评审会来澄清项目的当前目标和变更控制程序
D．要求项目干系人为每一个提出的变更付费

这种类型的问题一般将正确答案作为问题的一部分，考题可能包含前面描述的所有类型的题目。

1．The ______ is a time-phased budget that will be used to measure and monitor cost performance in the project．
A．work breakdown structure C．cost baseline
B．project schedule D．cost budget
1．是在项目中用于测量和监控费用绩效的一种按时间分段的预算。
A．工作分解结构 C．成本基线
B．项目进度 D．成本预算

2．To transfer most of the cost risk to the contractor，the client may use a ______ contract．
A．cost plus award fee C．cost plus fixed fee
B．cost plus incentive fee D．fixed price
2．为了将大部分成本风险转移给承包商，客户可能使用一种——合同。
A．成本加奖赏费 C．成本加固定费用
B．成本加激励费 D．固定价格