ch9.    项目人力资源管理

-Project Human Resource Management

Ø        项目人力资源管理包括项目团队组建和管理的各个过程

Project Human Resource Management includes the processes that organize and manage the project team

Ø        项目团队包括为完成项目而分派有角色和职责的人员

The project team is comprised of the people who have assigned roles and responsibilities for completing the project

Ø        项目管理团队是项目团队的子集,也被称为核心团队或领导团队

The project management team is a subset of the project team and can be called the core, executive, or leadership team

Ø        项目发起人通常协助项目管理团队解决项目筹资和澄清范围问题,并为项目利益而对他人施加影响

The project sponsor works with the project management team, typically assisting with matters such as project funding, clarifying scope questions, and influencing others in order to benefit the project

9.1    人力资源规划

-Human Resource Planning

9.1.1   依据(Inputs)

1.      事业环境因素Enterprise environmental factors

Ø        应基于对现有组织参与项目的各种方式的理解,以及对各技术专业和技术人员之间的交互作用的理解,来界定项目角色和职责,包括

The definition of project roles and responsibilities is developed with an understanding of the ways that existing organizations will be involved and how the technical disciplines and people currently interact with one another

n        组织性的Organizational

n        技术性的Technical

n        人际性的Interpersonal

n        后勤保障性的Logistical

n        政治性的Political

Ø        对人力资源规划起限制作用的一些制约条件有

Examples of constraints that can limit flexibility in the Human Resource Planning process are

n        组织结构Organizational structure

n        集体谈判协议Collective bargaining agreements

n        经济条件Economic conditions

2.      组织过程资产Organizational process assets

Ø        模版文件Templates

Ø        核对表格Checklists

3.      项目管理计划Project management plan

n        活动资源需求Activity resource requirements

9.1.2   工具与技术(Tools & Techniques)

1.      组织机构图和岗位描述Organization charts and position descriptions

Ø        格式三大类three type of the formats

n        层级结构图Hierarchical-type charts

n        矩阵结构图Matrix-based charts

u      职责分配矩阵responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)

u      RACI矩阵RACI chart

a)        Responsible(有责)

b)        Accountable(负责)

c)        Consult(征询意见)

d)        Inform(通报)

n        文字叙述方式Text-oriented formats

n        项目管理计划其他章节Other sections of the project management plan

u      风险登记册列出了风险负责人the risk register lists risk owners

Ø        目的都是确保每个工作包都有一名明确界定的负责人负责,并且所有团队成员都对他们的角色和职责有明确了解

the objective is to ensure that each work package has an unambiguous owner and that all team members have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities

2.      建立网络Networking

3.      组织理论Organizational theory

9.1.3   成果(Outputs)

1.      角色与职责Roles and responsibilities

Ø        角色:某人负责的项目的某部分工作的标识

- Role. The label describing the portion of a project for which a person is accountable

Ø        职权:使用项目资源及做出决策和批准的权力

- Authority. The right to apply project resources, make decisions, and sign approvals

Ø        职责:为完成项目,要求项目团队成员实施的工作

- Responsibility. The work that a project team member is expected to perform in order to complete the project’s activities

Ø        能力:完成项目活动所需的技能和能力

-Competency. The skill and capacity required to complete project activities

2.      项目组织图Project organization charts

3.      人员配备管理计划Staffing management plan

Ø        项目团队组建Staff acquisition

Ø        时间表Timetable：一种工具—资源直方图resource histogram

n        反映一个人、部门或整个项目团队在整个项目期间每周或每月需要工作的小时数

illustrates the number of hours that a person, department, or entire project team will be needed each week or month over the course of the project

n        可加入一条水平线，代表特定资源的最多可用工作小时数

can include a horizontal line that represents the maximum number of hours available from a particular resource

Ø        成员遣散安排